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LNAPL Update

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1 Introduction
2 LNAPL Regulatory Context, Challenges, and Outreach
2 LNAPL Regulatory Context, Challenges, and Outreach Overview
2.1 Regulatory Challenges
2.2 Weather Vulnerabilities
2.3 Stakeholder Concerns, Community Outreach and Engagement
2.4 Streamlining the Corrective Action Process by Increased Communication
3 Key LNAPL Concepts
3 Key LNAPL Concepts Overview
3.1 Common Misconceptions
3.2 Life Cycle and Anatomy of an LNAPL Body
3.3 Overview of Natural Source Zone Depletion
3.4 LNAPL Thickness in Wells
3.5 States of LNAPL Saturation
3.6 LNAPL Recoverability and Transmissivity
3.7 Relation of LNAPL Saturation and Composition to Technology Selection
4 LNAPL Conceptual Site Model (LCSM)
4 LNAPL Conceptual Site Model (LCSM) Overview
4.1 How Much Data is Enough?
4.2 Initial LCSM
4.3 LNAPL Tools
4.4 Remedy Selection LCSM
5 LNAPL Concerns, Remedial Goals, Objectives, and Technology Groups
5 LNAPL Concerns, Remedial Goals, Remediation Objectives, and Remedial Technology Groups Overview
5.1 Identifying LNAPL Concerns
5.2 Establishing LNAPL Remedial Goals
5.3 Determining LNAPL Remediation Objectives
5.4 LNAPL Remedial Technology Groups
5.5 Establishing Remedial Performance Metrics and Remediation Endpoints
5.6 Integration of the LCSM and LNAPL Remedial Technology Selection
6 LNAPL Remedial Technology Selection
6 LNAPL Remedial Technology Selection Overview
6.1 Process Overview
6.2 Preliminary Technology Screening
6.3 Technology Evaluation
6.4 Technology Selection, Implementation, and Evaluation
Additional Information
Appendix A – LNAPL Technologies Appendix
Appendix B – Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD) Appendix
Executive Summary
1.0 Introduction
2.0 NSZD Processes and Theory
3.0 Incorporating NSZD into the LNAPL Site Management Process
4.0 Methods of NSZD Rate Quantification
5.0 Considerations in Long-term LNAPL site Management
Appendix C – Transmissivity (Tn) Appendix
1. Introduction
2.0 Field Methods to Measure Tn
3.0 Data evaluation and estimation of Tn – How do you estimate Tn?
4.0 Case Studies
Appendix D – Fractured Rock Appendix
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Fractured Rock Concepts and Technical Background
3.0 LNAPL Conceptual Site Model
4.0 Remedial Technologies
Appendix E – LNAPL Sheens Appendix
1.0 Introduction–What Are LNAPL Sheens?
2.0 What are Some Important Regulatory Requirements Concerning Sheens?
3.0 What Are the Common Sheen Forming Scenarios and Processes?
4.0 What Are Methods to Identify Petroleum Derived Sheens?
5.0 What Tools are Available to Assess Flux from Seeps?
6.0 Potential Sheen Mitigation Technologies
Acronyms
Glossary
Acknowledgments
Team Contacts
References
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